• At the cellular level TGF has been involved in

  2019-12-12

  

  At the cellular level, TGF-β1 has been involved in the formation of invadosomes (Mandal et al., 2008, Varon et al., 2006). Invadosomes are actin-based structures involved in matrix degradation and cell invasion through metalloproteinases (MMP) activity (Linder et al., 2011). Invadosomes, constitutiv

• Targeting a specific cell type

  2019-12-12

  

  Targeting a specific cell type, rather than the broad cytotoxicity exhibited by some of the pharmacological agents currently used to treat lupus, may improve efficacy and decrease off target toxicity. Thus, evidence that macrophages and microglia are important to the pathogenesis of LN and NPSLE, re

• Nevertheless of the different types of scoring systems so fa

  2019-12-12

  

  Nevertheless, of the different types of scoring systems so far proposed, each of these [14], [29], [30] considered some aspects that could describe the fibrotic evolution, though none provided a quantitative assessment. Calvaruso et al. [8] showed that CPA had a better histological correlation with

• br Structure and function of EPAC isoforms EPACs are guanine

  2019-12-12

  

  Structure and function of EPAC isoforms EPACs are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) for the Ras-like GTPases Rap1 and Rap2 [9]. There are two mammalian EPAC isoforms, EPAC1 and EPAC2 1, 2 (Figure 1). Whereas EPAC1 displays a wide tissue distribution, the expression of EPAC2 is more restr

• br Particle swarm optimization for

  2019-12-12

  

  Particle swarm optimization for NLBP Computational tests Conclusions Acknowledgements This work was supported by the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China (No. 2009CB421104) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 50809004 & 41071323). Main Text

• br Results br Discussion Unraveling the

  2019-12-11

  

  Results Discussion Unraveling the molecular details of nucleoporin-karyopherin interactions, which have to be strong enough to promote transport but sufficiently weak to avoid stalling of transport complexes within the pore, is key to our understanding of the mechanisms of nucleocytoplasmic tr

• Nociceptive and hyperalgesic actions of ET are

  2019-12-11

  

  Nociceptive and hyperalgesic actions of ET-1 are produced through ETA and ETB receptors. Previous reports indicate that ETA receptor antagonists in peripheral tissues are effective in inhibiting ET-1 induced hyperalgesia, and attenuation of neuropathic pain in rats [16]. Studies have also shown that

• The pathogenesis of formation of an intradural tumor

  2019-12-11

  

  The pathogenesis of formation of an intradural tumor is unclear. Initially, several lines of evidence suggested a neural crest cell of origin for Ewings’s sarcoma based on expression of neuroectodermal markers on tumor salbutamol sulfate [45,46]. However more recently, studies have shown that expres

• Repulsive interactions towards undesirable substrates are ar

  2019-12-11

  

  Repulsive interactions towards undesirable substrates are arguably a very efficient means to implement specificity [8]. In particular, it could be assumed that discrimination against a substrate that is larger than the cognate substrate may be achieved easily by restricting the active site and explo

• Glycolysis is important to maintain the vital functions of T

  2019-12-11

  

  Glycolysis is important to maintain the vital functions of T. gondi. Extracellular T. gondii shift its rxr receptor metabolism towards glycolysis, based on the observation that a relocation of glycolytic enzymes from the cytosol to the pellicle occurs at the time when tachyzoites egress from host c

• TraM is one of two transfer proteins

  2019-12-11

  

  TraM is one of two transfer proteins from pIP501 T4SS that have structural similarity to the A. tumefaciens VirB8 protein (Fercher et al., 2016, Goessweiner-Mohr et al., 2013), a central member of the inner membrane complex (Bailey et al., 2006, Guglielmini et al., 2014, Trokter et al., 2014). VirB8

• Picrotoxin mg br Structure of ketosteroid dehydrogenase

  2019-12-11

  

  Structure of 3-ketosteroid Δ1-dehydrogenase Overall fold — High-resolution crystal structures of Δ1-KSTD are currently available for the Δ1-KSTD1 isoenzyme from R. erythropolis SQ1 [30]. The Δ1-KSTD1 molecule has an elongated shape, and consists of two domains, an FAD-binding domain and a catalyt

• At the cellular level TGF has

  2019-12-11

  

  At the cellular level, TGF-β1 has been involved in the formation of invadosomes (Mandal et al., 2008, Varon et al., 2006). Invadosomes are actin-based structures involved in matrix degradation and cell invasion through metalloproteinases (MMP) activity (Linder et al., 2011). Invadosomes, constitutiv

• MK 571 Several lines of evidence suggest that

  2019-12-11

  

  Several lines of evidence suggest that the anxiety provoking behavioral effects of CRF involve CRF1 receptors. CRF1 knockout mice show increased anxiolytic-like activity in the elevated plus maze and a tendency to enter the illuminated region of a light–dark box [49], [52]. In addition, studies usin

• Cot MAP K is the sole MAP K that

  2019-12-11

  

  Cot (MAP3K8) is the sole MAP3K that activates the MEK1/2-Erk1/2 following the activation of the TLR/IL-1 receptor superfamily as well as some receptors of the TNF receptor family [8], [9], [10] and mediates the production of chemokines and cytokines in different cell systems [reviewed in [11]]. Thus

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