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Pathogen infected macrophages release exosomes associating
2024-06-05

Pathogen-infected annexin v release exosomes associating with pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as LPS and lipoprotein derived from microorganisms [29,30]. Exosomes released by bacterially infected, but not uninfected, macrophages stimulate macrophages to release inflammatory media
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br Funding br Introduction l
2024-06-04

Funding Introduction l-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) is the gold-standard treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD); however, its chronic use induces severe motor complications that eventually limit its long-term efficacy (Bastide et al., 2015). The most disabling side
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br Disclosure br Acknowledgement br Introduction CYP A is a
2024-06-04

Disclosure Acknowledgement Introduction CYP17A1 is a multifunctional enzyme with both 17α-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities and is essential for the biosynthesis of steroidal ck2 inhibitor in male testes and adrenal glands. The 17α-hydroxylase activity of CYP17A1 is involved in the co
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Fencilli et al reported derivatives of PHA which demonstrate
2024-06-04

Fencilli et al. reported derivatives of PHA-680626 (15) which demonstrated strong anti-proliferative activity against large group of leukaemia cell lines including IM-resistant BAF3 cells expressing mutants like T315I, M351T and E255K. Decrease in Histone H3 phosphorylation led to induction of endo-
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In PMCA Mg favors the conversion
2024-06-04

In PMCA, Mg2+ favors the conversion E1P → E2P [13] and, as in SERCA [11], it accelerates the phosphorylation displacing the E1–E2 equilibrium towards E1. In SERCA, Sørensen et al. [41], proposed that ATP reacts by an associative mechanism mediated by two Mg2+ ions to form an aspartyl-phosphorylated
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Loss of virulence in ACL mutants may
2024-06-04

Loss of virulence in ACL mutants may be caused by defect in vegetative growth and conidial germination, and reduced trichothecene production. However, supplement of potassium acetate restored the defects in germination rate and vegetative growth, but not virulence in wheat heads (Table 2, Fig. 2B),
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exemplifies three of the compounds investigated in the selec
2024-06-04

exemplifies three of the compounds investigated in the selection for a candidate drug (CD). Our first criteria was an IC the cell and enzyme assays, and the chloropyrazole BLX-2481 () did not fulfil that. Although relatively potent, the bicyclic arylamide BLX-1873 (), showed relatively low solubili
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Introduction An association of elevated branched chain amino
2024-06-04

Introduction An association of elevated branched-chain kinesin inhibitor (BCAA—Leu, Val, Ile) with obesity and insulin resistance was first reported nearly 50 years ago (Felig et al., 1969). With the advent of metabolomics technologies, it has since become apparent that the association of BCAA and
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br Leptin Adiponectin a permissive imbalance Leptin
2024-06-04

Leptin/Adiponectin: a permissive imbalance Leptin, a satiety hormone, is encoded by the obesity (ob) gene. It essentially functions as an energy sensor which is involved in the regulation of body weight by sending signals to the Caspase-6, human recombinant protein to reduce appetite (Woods and D
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citco Hydrogen sulfide H S a colorless
2024-06-04

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) [33], a colorless and water-soluble gas with the smell of rotten eggs, is now recognized as an important gasotransmitter, after the extensive study of nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO). H2S is produced endogenously via enzymatic reactions of cysteine, homocysteine and
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Over the years measures of total antioxidant status TAS
2024-06-04

Over the years, measures of total antioxidant status (TAS) have been developed to capture the collective effect of antioxidant defense capacity, including enzymatic and nonenzymatic systems (Fraga et al., 2014, Franco et al., 2007). Multiple antioxidant enzymes, as well as antioxidant vitamins and m
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br HMGB proteins and chromatin structure The multifaceted ro
2024-06-04

HMGB proteins and chromatin structure The multifaceted roles played by HMGB (formerly called HMG-1 and -2) proteins in modulating chromatin structure, gene transcriptional activity and cellular phenotype have been covered in a number of recent reviews and readers are referred to these for in-dept
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An in vitro assay in which endothelial cells form D
2024-06-04

An in vitro assay in which endothelial cells form 3D tube-like structures was used to investigate effects of dNK on vessel stability. The results indicate that dNK cells from women with high spiral artery resistance index had reduced ability to activate endothelial cells, since endothelial cells pre
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Perforation of the surface membrane however is not the only
2024-06-04

Perforation of the surface membrane, however, is not the only mechanism of calcium dysregulation by Aβ at the presynaptic terminals. When in excess, both monomers and oligomers modulate biophysical properties of voltage-activated calcium Bialaphos sodium salt receptor as well as calcium release fro
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br The lipoxygenase pathway and microvascular complications
2024-06-04

The 12/15-lipoxygenase pathway and microvascular complications of diabetes The 12/15-lipoxygenase pathway in adipose tissue Only recently has adipose tissue been recognized as a highly metabolically active endocrine organ imparting profound local and systemic inflammatory effects. Adipose tiss
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